Toward a causal model of chronic back pain: Challenges and opportunities

Huie, J. Russell and Vashisht, Rohit and Galivanche, Anoop and Hadjadj, Constance and Morshed, Saam and Butte, Atul J. and Ferguson, Adam R. and O'Neill, Conor (2023) Toward a causal model of chronic back pain: Challenges and opportunities. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience, 16. ISSN 1662-5188

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Abstract

Chronic low back pain (cLBP) afflicts 8. 2% of adults in the United States, and is the leading global cause of disability. Neuropsychiatric co-morbidities including anxiety, depression, and substance abuse- are common in cLBP patients. In particular, cLBP is a risk factor for opioid addiction, as more than 50% of opioid prescriptions in the United States are for cLBP. Misuse of these prescriptions is a common precursor to addiction. While associations between cLBP and neuropsychiatric disorders are well established, causal relationships for the most part are unknown. Developing effective treatments for cLBP, and associated co-morbidities, requires identifying and understanding causal relationships. Rigorous methods for causal inference, a process for quantifying causal effects from observational data, have been developed over the past 30 years. In this review we first discuss the conceptual model of cLBP that current treatments are based on, and how gaps in causal knowledge contribute to poor clinical outcomes. We then present cLBP as a “Big Data” problem and identify how advanced analytic techniques may close knowledge gaps and improve clinical outcomes. We will focus on causal discovery, which is a data-driven method that uses artificial intelligence (AI) and high dimensional datasets to identify causal structures, discussing both constraint-based (PC and Fast Causal Inference) and score-based (Fast Greedy Equivalent Search) algorithms.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: Research Asian Plos > Medical Science
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@research.asianplos.com
Date Deposited: 06 Apr 2023 07:44
Last Modified: 03 Aug 2024 04:41
URI: http://global.archiveopenbook.com/id/eprint/354

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