Imaging Modalities for Diagnosing Hepatolithiasis: A Case Report of Multiple Hepatolithiasis

Hepatolithiasis or intrahepatic duct stones is uncommon in western setting, but it has quite a high prevalence in far eastern countries. The natural history of the disease may not be well understood in a western society, however due to increasing immigration, there are increasing numbers of cases that have occurred and will only continue occurring. The case report is regarding an elderly lady with previous complicated cholecystectomy presented with worsening recurrent right upper quadrant pain. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interestingly revealed multiple intraductal hepatolithiasis. The aim of imaging should be to accurately identify the biliary tree and liver anatomy, stones, stricture, liver segment involved and excluding complication such as abscesses or cholangiocarcinoma.