Pharmacological Evaluation of Ovulation Inducing Potential of Siddha Herbomineral Formulation Arputha Mathirai on Estradiol Valerate Induced Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome Wistar Albino Rat Model

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the potential of Arputha Mathirai, a tablet-based Siddha herbomineral formulation, in promoting ovulation in Wistar Albino rats with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induced by Estradiol Valerate (EV).

Place of Study: The study took place at C.L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy located in Thorapakkam, Chennai - 600 092, Tamil Nadu.

Methodology: Arputha Mathirai, the Siddha herbomineral formulation, was prepared in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) guidelines. Prior to conducting the study, approval was obtained from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC). The research adhered to ethical principles and guidelines established by the committee responsible for overseeing and regulating animal experimentation, ensuring proper control and supervision.

Female Wistar Albino rats were selected as the preferred rodent species for the study. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was induced in the animals by administering subcutaneous injection of 100μg Estardiol valerate (EV). The reproductive cycles of the rats were synchronized to ensure consistency.

The rats were divided into four groups, each containing six rats, as follows:

Group I: Normal Control animals received 1 ml/kg of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) solution.
Group II: Rats were orally administered Arputha Mathirai at a dosage of 100 mg/kg for 10 days.
Group III: Rats were orally administered Arputha Mathirai at a dosage of 200 mg/kg for 10 days.
Group IV: Received Clomiphene at a dosage of 10 mg/kg and served as the standard group.
At the end of the study, blood samples were collected from the rats through retro-orbital and cardiac puncture. The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone were estimated using ELISA method. Ovaries from the experimental rats were dissected out for histopathological studies.

Results: The results consistently showed that the higher dosage of the drug (group III) had a more pronounced effect in normalizing hormone levels compared to the lower dosage group. However, it is important to note that the lower dosage group also exhibited effectiveness. While the results in both groups did not closely match those of the standard group (group IV), the drug Arputha Mathirai demonstrated significant potential in the experimental groups, supporting its efficacy in inducing ovulation.

Furthermore, the histopathological analysis confirmed the drug's potential in inducing ovulation, particularly in the higher dosage group (group III) compared to the lower dosage group (group II).

Overall, the findings suggest that Arputha Mathirai has promising ovulation-inducing activity, with the higher dosage showing more pronounced effects.

Conclusion: It is hypothesized that the bioactive phytocompounds present in Arputha Mathirai may exert their effects at various stages to restore hormone levels and reverse the pathological condition associated with PCOS. These natural compounds have the potential to regulate hormone levels and promote ovulation. However, it is important to acknowledge that there is a scarcity of published evidence regarding the specific ability of these phytochemicals to address the underlying causes of the condition. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms by which these compounds act and their potential in addressing the root causes of PCOS.