EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF PHEOPHORBIDE ON REPRODUCTION AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF FRESH WATER SNAIL Lymnaea acuminata

Fasciolosis are water/food-borne trematode diseases which contribute severe community health problems world-wide therefore present day various preventive methods are used to diminish the incidence of fasciolosis is to control the population of carrier snail Lymnaea acuminata. Human acquire infection by ingestion of aquatic plants that contain the infected metacercariae. Fasciolosis is one of the most devastating diseases of sheep and cattle. About 250 million sheep and 300 million cattle are potentially affected by the disease worldwide. The flukes enter inside host causes severe changes/damage which sometimes may leads to the death of the animals.
The effect of pheophorbide extracted from fresh spinach leaves on the fecundity, hatchability survivality and different biochemical parameters on the snail Lymnaea acuminata were studied. It was observed that pheophorbide significantly caused time dependent reduction in the fecundity, hatchability, survival and all the biochemical parameters of the young snails. Treatment with 60% of 24 h LC50 of pheophorbide caused minimum fecundity (62.60/20 snails) in summer (sunlight). After 72h no hatching was noted in eggs laid by snails exposed to 60% of 24h LC50 of pheophorbide in both winter (sunlight) as well as in summer (sunlight). The reduction of all biochemical parameters in the nervous tissue of L. acuminata results show that the treatment of 60% of 24 h LC50 of extracted pheophorbide in sunlight caused maximum reduction in summer season in protein (44.32% of control), in amino acid (16.44% of control), in DNA (12.28% of control) and in RNA (57.45% of control) at 96 h. Exposure of 60% of 24 h LC50 of pheophorbide for 96 h caused maximum inhibition in AChE (43.53% of control) in summer sunlight.